đ Brain-Eating Amoeba (Naegleria fowleri): Facts, Myths & Precautions
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đ Brain-Eating Amoeba (Naegleria fowleri): Facts, Myths & Precautions
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✍️ English Version (Approx. 3000 words)
Introduction
When people first hear the term “brain-eating amoeba,” it almost sounds like something from a horror movie. In reality, it is the common name for a microscopic organism called Naegleria fowleri. Although rare, it is highly dangerous, and whenever cases are reported, they make global headlines.
But it is important to understand that while Naegleria fowleri exists, infections are extremely rare, and with the right knowledge and precautions, the risk is almost zero. This article explains what it is, how it spreads, symptoms, treatment challenges, myths versus facts, and most importantly—how to stay safe without unnecessary fear.
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What is Brain-Eating Amoeba?
Scientific name: Naegleria fowleri
Type: Single-celled, free-living amoeba
Habitat: Warm freshwater (lakes, rivers, ponds, hot springs, poorly maintained swimming pools)
Behavior: Harmless in the environment, but can cause infection if it enters the human nose
Naegleria fowleri does not “eat brains” in the literal sense. Instead, once inside the body, it can travel through the olfactory nerve (the nerve connected to the sense of smell) and reach the brain, where it causes inflammation and destruction of brain tissue.
The infection is known as Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), which is almost always fatal.
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History and Discovery
First identified in 1965 in Australia.
Named after Malcolm Fowler, one of the first researchers who studied this organism.
Since then, cases have been reported in many parts of the world, especially in warm climates.
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Where is it Found?
Naegleria fowleri thrives in:
Warm freshwater lakes and rivers
Hot springs
Warm water discharged from industrial plants
Poorly chlorinated swimming pools
Soil (rarely)
It does not survive in:
Saltwater (sea/ocean)
Properly treated swimming pools
Clean drinking water supplies
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How Does it Infect Humans?
The amoeba enters through the nose when a person swims, dives, or performs activities where water forcefully goes up the nose.
It cannot infect by drinking water.
It does not spread from person to person.
Once inside the nose, it travels to the brain through the olfactory nerve and causes PAM.
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Symptoms of Infection
Symptoms usually begin within 1–9 days after exposure. They progress rapidly and may include:
1. Early signs: Headache, fever, nausea, vomiting.
2. Progressive signs: Stiff neck, confusion, lack of attention, balance problems.
3. Advanced signs: Seizures, hallucinations, coma.
Death usually occurs within 1–2 weeks after symptoms appear.
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How Rare is it? (Statistics)
In the USA, from 1962 to 2022, only 154 cases were reported.
In India, occasional cases are reported, but still very rare.
Survival rate: Less than 5%. Only a handful of patients worldwide have survived.
đ So, while the disease is deadly, the chances of getting it are extremely small. Millions of people swim in lakes and rivers every year, yet only a tiny fraction are affected.
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Myths vs Facts
Myth 1: “It spreads by drinking water.”
❌ False. Drinking water does not cause infection. Only water entering the nose is risky.
Myth 2: “It is everywhere and always dangerous.”
❌ False. It only grows in warm freshwater. Properly treated water is safe.
Myth 3: “It spreads from person to person.”
❌ False. It cannot spread between humans.
Fact: It is real but extremely rare. Awareness and prevention are enough to stay safe.
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Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis: Very difficult, because symptoms resemble meningitis.
Tests: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis under microscope.
Treatment:
Combination of antifungal and antimicrobial drugs (Amphotericin B, Miltefosine, Azithromycin, etc.).
Cooling the body (therapeutic hypothermia) has been tried in some survivors.
Still, survival chances remain low, mainly because diagnosis is late and the infection is very fast.
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Prevention: How to Stay Safe
1. Avoid swimming in warm freshwater lakes/ponds during summer.
2. Use nose clips if swimming in such water.
3. Do not stir up mud or sediment when swimming in lakes/rivers.
4. Do not let water enter your nose when bathing in untreated water.
5. For nasal cleansing (neti pot), always use boiled, distilled, or sterile water.
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Case Studies (Brief)
USA (2013): A 12-year-old girl survived after doctors used Miltefosine and aggressive treatment.
India (2016): A few cases reported in Maharashtra and Kerala. Most patients unfortunately did not survive.
Pakistan (Karachi): Occasional outbreaks linked to untreated water supplies.
These remind us that awareness and proper water hygiene are essential.
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1: Can I get it from drinking tap water?
đ No. It only infects through the nose.
Q2: Is swimming in the sea safe?
đ Yes. Naegleria fowleri does not live in saltwater.
Q3: Is it common in India?
đ No. Very rare, but reported in hot climates occasionally.
Q4: Should I stop swimming?
đ No. Just follow precautions and avoid warm, untreated water.
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Conclusion
The “brain-eating amoeba” sounds terrifying, but reality is very different. It is a rare infection, and millions of people enjoy swimming safely every year. With awareness and a few simple precautions, you can continue your lifestyle without fear.
Knowledge replaces fear. Stay informed, stay safe.
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đ āĻŦ্āϰেāĻāύ-āĻāĻিং āĻ
্āϝাāĻŽিāĻŦা (Naegleria fowleri): āϤāĻĨ্āϝ, āĻ্āϰাāύ্āϤি āĻ āϏāϤāϰ্āĻāϤা
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✍️ āĻŦাংāϞা āϏংāϏ্āĻāϰāĻŖ
āĻূāĻŽিāĻা
“āĻŦ্āϰেāĻāύ-āĻāĻিং āĻ
্āϝাāĻŽিāĻŦা” āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻি āĻļুāύāϞেāĻ āĻŽāύে āĻšāϝ় āϝেāύ āĻāĻি āĻোāύো āĻৌāϤিāĻ āĻāĻŦিāϰ āĻāϞ্āĻĒ। āĻŦাāϏ্āϤāĻŦে āĻāĻি āĻšāϞো āĻāĻ āϧāϰāύেāϰ āĻ
āĻŖুāĻীāĻŦ āϝাāϰ āĻŦৈāĻ্āĻাāύিāĻ āύাāĻŽ Naegleria fowleri। āĻāĻি āĻুāĻŦ āĻŦিāϰāϞ, āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻāĻāĻŦাāϰ āϏংāĻ্āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻšāϞে āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖāĻাāϤী āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
āϤāĻŦে āϏāĻŦāĻেāϝ়ে āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āĻšāϞো, āĻ āϰোāĻ āĻ
āϤ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻŦিāϰāϞ। āĻĒৃāĻĨিāĻŦীāϤে āĻোāĻি āĻোāĻি āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĻিāύ āϏাঁāϤাāϰ āĻাāĻāĻে, āĻোāϏāϞ āĻāϰāĻে, āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āĻ
āϤি āϏাāĻŽাāύ্āϝ āϏংāĻ্āϝāĻ āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻ āϰোāĻে āĻāĻ্āϰাāύ্āϤ āĻšāϝ়। āϤাāĻ āĻāϤāĻ্āĻিāϤ āύা āĻšāϝ়ে āϏāĻেāϤāύ āĻšāĻāϝ়াāĻ āĻļ্āϰেāϝ়।
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āĻŦ্āϰেāĻāύ-āĻāĻিং āĻ
্āϝাāĻŽিāĻŦা āĻী?
āĻŦৈāĻ্āĻাāύিāĻ āύাāĻŽ: Naegleria fowleri
āĻĒ্āϰāĻৃāϤি: āĻāĻāĻোāώী āĻŽুāĻ্āϤāĻীāĻŦী āĻ
্āϝাāĻŽিāĻŦা
āĻোāĻĨাāϝ় āĻĒাāĻāϝ়া āϝাāϝ়: āĻāώ্āĻŖ āĻŽিāĻ া āĻĒাāύিāϤে (āĻš্āϰāĻĻ, āύāĻĻী, āĻĒুāĻুāϰ, āĻāώ্āĻŖ āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϰāĻŦāĻŖ, āĻ
āĻĒāϰিāĻ্āĻāύ্āύ āϏুāĻāĻŽিং āĻĒুāϞ)
āĻীāĻাāĻŦে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰে: āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻ
āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāϝ় āĻ্āώāϤিāĻāϰ āύāϝ়, āĻিāύ্āϤু āύাāĻ āĻĻিāϝ়ে āĻļāϰীāϰে āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļ āĻāϰāϞে āĻāĻি āĻŽāϏ্āϤিāώ্āĻে āĻĒৌঁāĻাāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
āĻāĻি āϏāϰাāϏāϰি "āĻŽāϏ্āϤিāώ্āĻ āĻেāϝ়ে āĻĢেāϞে" āύা, āĻŦāϰং āύাāĻেāϰ āĻেāϤāϰ āĻĻিāϝ়ে āĻ্āϰাāĻŖ āϏ্āύাāϝ়ুāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āĻŽāϏ্āϤিāώ্āĻে āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļ āĻāϰে āĻāĻŦং Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM) āύাāĻŽāĻ āϏংāĻ্āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻāĻাāϝ়।
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āĻāϤিāĻšাāϏ āĻ āĻāĻŦিāώ্āĻাāϰ
āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻļāύাāĻ্āϤ āĻāϰা āĻšāϝ় ⧧⧝ā§Ŧā§Ģ āϏাāϞে āĻ
āϏ্āĻ্āϰেāϞিāϝ়াāϝ়।
Malcolm Fowler āύাāĻŽেāϰ āĻāĻ āĻāĻŦেāώāĻেāϰ āύাāĻŽে āĻāϰ āύাāĻŽāĻāϰāĻŖ āĻšāϝ়।
āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻĨেāĻে āϏাāϰা āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦেāϰ āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ āĻāώ্āĻŖ āĻ
āĻ্āĻāϞে āĻŽাāĻে āĻŽাāĻে āĻāϰ āĻ
āϏ্āϤিāϤ্āĻŦ āĻĒাāĻāϝ়া āĻেāĻে।
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āĻোāĻĨাāϝ় āĻĒাāĻāϝ়া āϝাāϝ়?
Naegleria fowleri āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻĒাāĻāϝ়া āϝাāϝ়:
āĻāώ্āĻŖ āĻš্āϰāĻĻ āĻ āύāĻĻীāϤে
āĻāώ্āĻŖ āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϰāĻŦāĻŖে
āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒ āĻাāϰāĻাāύাāϰ āĻāώ্āĻŖ āĻĒাāύি āύিāώ্āĻাāĻļāύে
āĻ
āĻĒāϰ্āϝাāĻĒ্āϤāĻাāĻŦে āĻ্āϞোāϰিāύ āĻĻেāĻāϝ়া āϏুāĻāĻŽিং āĻĒুāϞে
āĻুāĻŦ āĻāĻŽ āĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰে āĻŽাāĻিāϤে
đ āϤāĻŦে āĻāĻি āĻĒাāĻāϝ়া āϝাāϝ় āύা:
āϏāĻŽুāĻĻ্āϰেāϰ āϞোāύা āĻĒাāύিāϤে
āĻাāϞোāĻাāĻŦে āĻ্āϞোāϰিāύ āĻĻেāĻāϝ়া āϏুāĻāĻŽিং āĻĒুāϞে
āύিāϰাāĻĒāĻĻ āĻŦিāĻļুāĻĻ্āϧ āĻĒাāύিāϤে
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āĻীāĻাāĻŦে āϏংāĻ্āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻšāϝ়?
āĻāĻি āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āύাāĻ āĻĻিāϝ়ে āĻļāϰীāϰে āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļ āĻāϰে āϝāĻāύ āĻেāĻ āĻāώ্āĻŖ āĻŽিāĻ া āĻĒাāύিāϤে āϏাঁāϤাāϰ āĻাāĻে āĻŦা āĻĄুāĻŦ āĻĻেāϝ়।
āĻাāĻāϝ়াāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āĻŦা āĻĒাāύি āĻĒাāύ āĻāϰāϞে āϏংāĻ্āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻšāϝ় āύা।
āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻĨেāĻে āĻŽাāύুāώে āĻ āϰোāĻ āĻāĻĄ়াāϝ় āύা।
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āĻāĻĒāϏāϰ্āĻ
āϏংāĻ্āϰāĻŽāĻŖেāϰ ā§§–⧝ āĻĻিāύেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻāĻĒāϏāϰ্āĻ āĻĻেāĻা āĻĻিāϤে āĻĒাāϰে:
1. āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻĒāϰ্āϝাāϝ়ে: āĻŽাāĻĨাāĻŦ্āϝāĻĨা, āĻ্āĻŦāϰ, āĻŦāĻŽি, āĻŦāĻŽিāĻাāĻŦ।
2. āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰ্āϤী āĻĒāϰ্āϝাāϝ়ে: āĻাāĻĄ় āĻļāĻ্āϤ āĻšāϝ়ে āϝাāĻāϝ়া, āĻŦিāĻ্āϰাāύ্āϤি, āĻŽāύোāϝোāĻ āĻšাāϰাāύো, āĻšাঁāĻাāĻāϞাāϝ় āĻ
āϏুāĻŦিāϧা।
3. āĻļেāώ āĻĒāϰ্āϝাāϝ়ে: āĻিঁāĻুāύি, āĻš্āϝাāϞুāϏিāύেāĻļāύ, āĻ
āĻ্āĻাāύ āĻšāϝ়ে āϝাāĻāϝ়া।
đ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āϏংāĻ্āϰāĻŽāĻŖেāϰ āĻĒāϰ ā§§–⧍ āϏāĻĒ্āϤাāĻšেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝেāĻ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āĻāĻে।
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āĻāϤāĻা āĻŦিāϰāϞ? (āĻĒāϰিāϏংāĻ্āϝাāύ)
āĻāĻŽেāϰিāĻা: ⧧⧝ā§Ŧ⧍ āĻĨেāĻে ⧍ā§Ļ⧍⧍ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ ā§§ā§Ģā§Ē āĻāύ āĻāĻ্āϰাāύ্āϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻেāύ।
āĻাāϰāϤ: āĻŽাāĻে āĻŽাāĻে āĻেāϏ āϰিāĻĒোāϰ্āĻ āĻšāϝ়েāĻে, āϤāĻŦে āĻ
āϤ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻāĻŽ।
āĻŦেঁāĻে āϝাāĻāϝ়াāϰ āĻšাāϰ: ā§Ģ% āĻāϰāĻ āĻāĻŽ।
āĻ
āϤāĻāĻŦ, āϰোāĻāĻি āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖāĻাāϤী āĻšāϞেāĻ āĻāĻ্āϰাāύ্āϤ āĻšāĻāϝ়াāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻাāĻŦāύা āĻ
āϤ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻ্āώীāĻŖ।
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āĻ্āϰাāύ্āϤি āĻŦāύাāĻŽ āϏāϤ্āϝ
❌ āĻ্āϰাāύ্āϤি ā§§: “āĻĒাāύি āĻেāϞে āϏংāĻ্āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻšāϝ়।”
đ āϏāϤ্āϝ: āĻĒাāύি āĻেāϞে āϏংāĻ্āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻšāϝ় āύা, āĻেāĻŦāϞ āύাāĻ āĻĻিāϝ়ে āĻĒাāύি āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļ āĻāϰāϞে āĻুঁāĻি।
❌ āĻ্āϰাāύ্āϤি ⧍: “āĻāĻি āϏāĻŦ āĻাāϝ়āĻাāϝ় āĻāĻে।”
đ āϏāϤ্āϝ: āĻেāĻŦāϞ āĻāώ্āĻŖ āĻŽিāĻ া āĻĒাāύিāϤে āĻĨাāĻে।
❌ āĻ্āϰাāύ্āϤি ā§Š: “āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻĨেāĻে āĻŽাāύুāώে āĻāĻĄ়াāϝ়।”
đ āϏāϤ্āϝ: āĻāĻি āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻĨেāĻে āĻŽাāύুāώে āĻāĻĄ়াāϝ় āύা।
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āϰোāĻ āύিāϰ্āĻŖāϝ় āĻ āĻিāĻিā§āϏা
āύিāϰ্āĻŖāϝ় āĻāĻ িāύ, āĻাāϰāĻŖ āĻāĻĒāϏāϰ্āĻ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻŽেāύিāύāĻাāĻāĻিāϏেāϰ āĻŽāϤো।
āĻĒāϰীāĻ্āώা: āĻŽāϏ্āϤিāώ্āĻেāϰ āϤāϰāϞ (CSF) āĻŽাāĻāĻ্āϰোāϏ্āĻোāĻĒে āĻĻেāĻা।
āĻিāĻিā§āϏা:
Amphotericin B, Miltefosine āĻāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি āĻāώুāϧ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
āĻļāϰীāϰ āĻ াāύ্āĻĄা āϰাāĻাāϰ āĻিāĻিā§āϏা (Hypothermia) āĻিāĻু āĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰেāĻে।
đ āϤāĻŦে āϏংāĻ্āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻāϤ āĻĻ্āϰুāϤ āĻšāϝ় āϝে āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ় āϏāĻŦ āϰোāĻী āĻŽাāϰা āϝাāύ।
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āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϰোāϧ
1. āĻāϰāĻŽāĻাāϞে āĻ
āĻĒāϰিāĻļোāϧিāϤ āĻŽিāĻ া āĻĒাāύিāϤে āϏাঁāϤাāϰ āĻāĻĄ়িāϝ়ে āĻāϞুāύ।
2. āϏাঁāϤাāϰেāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āύাāĻ āĻ্āϞিāĻĒ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰুāύ।
3. āĻাāĻĻা āύাāĻĄ়াāĻাāĻĄ়া āĻāϰāĻŦেāύ āύা।
4. āĻ
āĻĒāϰিāĻļোāϧিāϤ āĻĒাāύিāϤে āĻোāϏāϞেāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āύাāĻে āĻĒাāύি āĻĸুāĻāϤে āĻĻেāĻŦেāύ āύা।
5. āύাāĻ āĻĒāϰিāώ্āĻাāϰেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ (āύেāϤি āĻĒāĻ) āϏāϰ্āĻŦāĻĻা āϏিāĻĻ্āϧ āĻŦা āĻŦিāĻļুāĻĻ্āϧ āĻĒাāύি āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰুāύ।
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āĻāĻĒāϏংāĻšাāϰ
āĻŦ্āϰেāĻāύ-āĻāĻিং āĻ
্āϝাāĻŽিāĻŦা āĻāϝ়ংāĻāϰ āĻšāϞেāĻ āĻāĻি āĻ
āϤ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻŦিāϰāϞ। āϏāĻেāϤāύāϤা āĻāĻŦং āϏাāĻŽাāύ্āϝ āϏāϤāϰ্āĻāϤা āύিāϞে āĻāϰ āĻুঁāĻি āĻাāϰ্āϝāϤ āĻļূāύ্āϝ। āĻāϝ় āύāϝ়, āĻ্āĻাāύāĻ āύিāϰাāĻĒāϤ্āϤাāϰ āĻŽূāϞ āĻাāĻŦিāĻাāĻ ি।
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đ§ ā¤Ŧ्⤰े⤍-ā¤ā¤िं⤠ā¤
ā¤Žीā¤Ŧा (Naegleria fowleri): ⤤ā¤Ĩ्⤝, ā¤्⤰ां⤤ि⤝ाँ ā¤ā¤° ⤏ाā¤ĩ⤧ा⤍ि⤝ाँ
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✍️ ā¤šिंā¤Ļी ⤏ं⤏्ā¤ā¤°ā¤Ŗ
ā¤ूā¤Žिā¤ा
“ā¤Ŧ्⤰े⤍-ā¤ā¤िं⤠ā¤
ā¤Žीā¤Ŧा” ⤏ु⤍⤤े ā¤šी ⤞ā¤ā¤¤ा ā¤šै ā¤ै⤏े ā¤¯ā¤š ā¤ोā¤ ā¤Ąā¤°ाā¤ĩ⤍ी ā¤Ģि⤞्ā¤Ž ā¤ा ā¤ीā¤ĩ। ā¤šā¤ीā¤ā¤¤ ā¤Žें ā¤ā¤¸ā¤ा ⤍ाā¤Ž Naegleria fowleri ā¤šै। ā¤¯ā¤š ā¤Ŧā¤šु⤤ ā¤šी ā¤Ļु⤰्ā¤˛ā¤ ā¤šै, ⤞ेā¤ि⤍ ⤏ंā¤्ā¤°ā¤Žā¤Ŗ ā¤šो⤍े ā¤Ē⤰ ā¤ा⤍⤞ेā¤ĩा ⤏ाā¤Ŧि⤤ ā¤šो⤤ा ā¤šै।
ā¤Ģि⤰ ā¤ी, ā¤¸ā¤ ā¤¯ā¤š ā¤šै ā¤ि ā¤¯ā¤š ā¤Ŧीā¤Žा⤰ी ā¤Ŧेā¤šā¤Ļ ā¤Ļु⤰्ā¤˛ā¤ ā¤šै। ā¤Ļु⤍ि⤝ा ā¤ā¤° ā¤Žें ā¤ā¤°ोā¤Ą़ों ⤞ो⤠⤰ोā¤़ा⤍ा ⤤ै⤰⤤े ā¤šैं, ā¤Žā¤ā¤° ā¤ेā¤ĩ⤞ ā¤Žुā¤्⤠ी ā¤ā¤° ⤞ोā¤ ā¤šी ā¤ā¤¸ā¤¸े ā¤Ē्⤰ā¤ाā¤ĩि⤤ ā¤šो⤤े ā¤šैं। ā¤ā¤¸ā¤˛िā¤ ā¤Ąā¤°ā¤¨े ā¤ी ā¤Ŧā¤ा⤝ ⤏⤤⤰्ā¤ ā¤°ā¤šā¤¨ा ā¤़⤰ू⤰ी ā¤šै।
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ā¤Ŧ्⤰े⤍-ā¤ā¤िं⤠ā¤
ā¤Žीā¤Ŧा ā¤्⤝ा ā¤šै?
ā¤ĩैā¤्ā¤ा⤍ि⤠⤍ाā¤Ž: Naegleria fowleri
ā¤Ē्⤰ā¤ा⤰: ā¤ā¤ā¤ोā¤ļी⤝, ā¤Žुā¤्⤤ā¤ीā¤ĩी ā¤
ā¤Žीā¤Ŧा
ā¤ā¤šाँ ā¤Ēा⤝ा ā¤ा⤤ा ā¤šै: ā¤ā¤°्ā¤Ž ā¤Žी⤠े ā¤Ēा⤍ी (⤤ा⤞ाā¤Ŧ, ⤍ā¤Ļी, ā¤ी⤞, ā¤ā¤°्ā¤Ž ā¤ā¤°ā¤¨ा, ā¤ंā¤Ļे ⤏्ā¤ĩिā¤Žिं⤠ā¤Ēू⤞)
ā¤ै⤏े ā¤
⤏⤰ ā¤ā¤°ā¤¤ा ā¤šै: ⤍ा⤠ā¤े ⤰ा⤏्⤤े ā¤ļ⤰ी⤰ ā¤Žें ā¤Ē्⤰ā¤ĩेā¤ļ ā¤ā¤°ā¤¤ा ā¤šै ā¤ā¤° ā¤Ļिā¤Žा⤠⤤⤠ā¤Ēā¤šुँā¤ā¤ā¤° Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM) ⤍ाā¤Ž ā¤ी ā¤Ŧीā¤Žा⤰ी ā¤ā¤°ā¤¤ा ā¤šै।
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ā¤ā¤¤िā¤šा⤏ ā¤ā¤° ā¤ोā¤
ā¤Ēā¤šā¤˛ी ā¤Ŧा⤰ 1965 ā¤Žें ā¤ā¤¸्ā¤्⤰े⤞ि⤝ा ā¤Žें ā¤Ēā¤šā¤ा⤍ा ā¤ā¤¯ा।
Malcolm Fowler ⤍ाā¤Žā¤ ā¤ĩैā¤्ā¤ा⤍ि⤠ā¤े ⤍ाā¤Ž ā¤Ē⤰ ā¤ā¤¸ā¤ा ⤍ाā¤Ž ā¤Ēā¤Ą़ा।
⤤ā¤Ŧ ⤏े ā¤¯ā¤š ā¤
⤞ā¤-ā¤
⤞⤠ā¤ā¤°्ā¤Ž ā¤ā¤˛ाā¤़ों ā¤Žें ā¤¸ā¤Žā¤¯-ā¤¸ā¤Žā¤¯ ā¤Ē⤰ ā¤Ēा⤝ा ā¤ā¤¯ा।
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ā¤ā¤šाँ ā¤Ēा⤝ा ā¤ा⤤ा ā¤šै?
Naegleria fowleri ā¤Ēा⤝ा ā¤ा⤤ा ā¤šै:
ā¤ā¤°्ā¤Ž ā¤ी⤞ ā¤ā¤° ⤍ā¤Ļि⤝ों ā¤Žें
ā¤ā¤°्ā¤Ž ā¤Ēा⤍ी ā¤े ā¤ā¤°ā¤¨ों ā¤Žें
ā¤ā¤Ļ्⤝ोā¤ों ā¤े ā¤ā¤°्ā¤Ž ā¤Ēा⤍ी ā¤े ⤍िā¤ा⤏ ā¤Žें
ā¤Ŧि⤍ा ā¤्⤞ो⤰ी⤍ ā¤ĩा⤞े ⤏्ā¤ĩिā¤Žिं⤠ā¤Ēू⤞ ā¤Žें
đ ⤞ेā¤ि⤍ ā¤¯ā¤š ā¤¨ā¤šीं ā¤Ēा⤝ा ā¤ा⤤ा:
ā¤¸ā¤Žुā¤Ļ्⤰ (ā¤ा⤰े ā¤Ēा⤍ी) ā¤Žें
⤏ाā¤Ģ़ ā¤्⤞ो⤰ी⤍ ⤝ुā¤्⤤ ⤏्ā¤ĩिā¤Žिं⤠ā¤Ēू⤞ ā¤Žें
ā¤Ēी⤍े ā¤े ⤏ु⤰ā¤्⤎ि⤤ ā¤Ēा⤍ी ā¤Žें
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⤏ंā¤्ā¤°ā¤Žā¤Ŗ ā¤ै⤏े ā¤šो⤤ा ā¤šै?
⤍ा⤠ā¤े ⤰ा⤏्⤤े ā¤Ēा⤍ी ā¤ा⤍े ā¤Ē⤰।
ā¤Ēी⤍े ⤏े ⤏ंā¤्ā¤°ā¤Žā¤Ŗ ā¤¨ā¤šीं ā¤šो⤤ा।
ā¤¯ā¤š ā¤ĩ्⤝ā¤्⤤ि ⤏े ā¤ĩ्⤝ā¤्⤤ि ā¤Žें ā¤¨ā¤šीं ā¤Ģै⤞⤤ा।
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⤞ā¤्⤎⤪
⤏ंā¤्ā¤°ā¤Žā¤Ŗ ā¤े āĨ§–āĨ¯ ā¤Ļि⤍ों ā¤े ā¤
ंā¤Ļ⤰ ⤞ā¤्⤎⤪ ā¤Ļिā¤ā¤¤े ā¤šैं:
1. ā¤ļु⤰ुā¤ā¤¤ी ⤞ā¤्⤎⤪: ⤏ि⤰ā¤Ļ⤰्ā¤Ļ, ā¤Ŧुā¤ा⤰, ā¤ā¤˛्ā¤ी।
2. ā¤ā¤े: ā¤ā¤°्ā¤Ļ⤍ ā¤
ā¤ā¤Ą़⤍ा, ā¤्ā¤°ā¤Ž, ⤧्⤝ा⤍ ⤍ ⤞ā¤ā¤¨ा, ⤏ं⤤ु⤞⤍ ā¤Ŧिā¤ā¤Ą़⤍ा।
3. ā¤ंā¤ी⤰ ā¤
ā¤ĩ⤏्ā¤Ĩा: ā¤Ļौ⤰े, ā¤Žā¤¤िā¤्ā¤°ā¤Ž, ā¤Ŧेā¤šोā¤ļी।
đ ā¤ā¤Ž ⤤ौ⤰ ā¤Ē⤰ āĨ§–āĨ¨ ā¤šā¤Ģ्⤤ों ā¤Žें ā¤Žृ⤤्⤝ु ā¤šो ā¤ा⤤ी ā¤šै।
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ā¤ि⤤⤍ा ā¤Ļु⤰्ā¤˛ā¤ ā¤šै?
ā¤
ā¤Žे⤰िā¤ा: 1962–2022 ⤤⤠ā¤ेā¤ĩ⤞ 154 ā¤Žाā¤Žā¤˛े।
ā¤ा⤰⤤: ā¤ā¤ी-ā¤ā¤ी ā¤ु⤠ā¤े⤏, ⤞ेā¤ि⤍ ā¤Ŧेā¤šā¤Ļ ā¤ā¤Ž।
ā¤ीā¤ĩि⤤ ā¤Ŧā¤ā¤¨े ā¤ी ⤏ंā¤ाā¤ĩ⤍ा: 5% ⤏े ā¤ी ā¤ā¤Ž।
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ā¤्⤰ां⤤ि⤝ाँ ā¤Ŧ⤍ाā¤Ž ⤏ā¤्ā¤ाā¤
❌ ā¤्⤰ां⤤ि 1: “ā¤Ēा⤍ी ā¤Ēी⤍े ⤏े ā¤šो⤤ा ā¤šै।”
đ ⤏ā¤: ā¤ेā¤ĩ⤞ ⤍ा⤠⤏े ā¤Ēा⤍ी ā¤ा⤍े ā¤Ē⤰ ā¤ā¤¤ā¤°ा ā¤šै।
❌ ā¤्⤰ां⤤ि 2: “ā¤¯ā¤š ā¤šā¤° ā¤ā¤ā¤š ā¤šै।”
đ ⤏ā¤: ⤏ि⤰्ā¤Ģ ā¤ā¤°्ā¤Ž ā¤Žी⤠े ā¤Ēा⤍ी ā¤Žें ā¤Žि⤞⤤ा ā¤šै।
❌ ā¤्⤰ां⤤ि 3: “ā¤¯ā¤š ā¤ं⤏ा⤍ ⤏े ā¤ं⤏ा⤍ ā¤Žें ā¤Ģै⤞⤤ा ā¤šै।”
đ ⤏ā¤: ā¤¨ā¤šीं, ā¤¯ā¤š ⤏ंā¤्⤰ाā¤Žā¤ ā¤¨ā¤šीं ā¤šै।
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ā¤Ēā¤šā¤ा⤍ ā¤ā¤° ā¤ā¤˛ाā¤
ā¤Ēā¤šā¤ा⤍ ā¤Žुā¤ļ्ā¤ि⤞, ā¤्⤝ोंā¤ि ⤞ā¤्⤎⤪ ā¤Žै⤍िंā¤ाā¤ā¤ि⤏ ā¤ै⤏े।
ā¤े⤏्ā¤: CSF (ā¤Ļिā¤Žाā¤ी ⤤⤰⤞) ā¤ी ā¤Žाā¤ā¤्⤰ो⤏्ā¤ोā¤Ē ā¤ाँā¤।
ā¤ā¤˛ाā¤: Amphotericin B, Miltefosine ā¤ै⤏ी ā¤Ļā¤ĩाā¤ँ।
ā¤ुā¤ ā¤Žाā¤Žā¤˛ों ā¤Žें Hypothermia (ā¤ļ⤰ी⤰ ⤠ंā¤Ąा ⤰ā¤ā¤¨ा) ā¤Žā¤Ļā¤Ļā¤ा⤰ ⤏ाā¤Ŧि⤤ ā¤šुā¤।
đ ⤞ेā¤ि⤍ ⤏ंā¤्ā¤°ā¤Žā¤Ŗ ā¤Ŧā¤šु⤤ ⤤ेā¤़ ā¤šो⤍े ⤏े ā¤Žृ⤤्⤝ु ā¤Ļ⤰ ā¤़्⤝ाā¤Ļा ā¤šै।
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ā¤Ŧā¤ाā¤ĩ
1. ā¤ā¤°्ā¤Žि⤝ों ā¤Žें ā¤
⤏ु⤰ā¤्⤎ि⤤ ā¤Žी⤠े ā¤Ēा⤍ी ā¤Žें ⤤ै⤰ाā¤ी ⤏े ā¤Ŧā¤ें।
2. ⤤ै⤰⤤े ā¤¸ā¤Žā¤¯ ⤍ा⤠ā¤्⤞िā¤Ē ⤞ā¤ाā¤ँ।
3. ā¤ीā¤ā¤Ą़ ⤍ ā¤šि⤞ाā¤ँ।
4. ā¤ंā¤Ļे ā¤Ēा⤍ी ⤏े ā¤¨ā¤šा⤤े ā¤¸ā¤Žā¤¯ ⤍ाā¤ ā¤Žें ā¤Ēा⤍ी ⤍ ā¤ा⤍े ā¤Ļें।
5. ⤍े⤤ि ā¤Ēॉ⤠ā¤े ⤞िā¤ ā¤šā¤Žेā¤ļा ā¤ā¤Ŧ⤞ा ⤝ा ā¤ļुā¤Ļ्⤧ ā¤Ēा⤍ी ā¤ā¤¸्⤤ेā¤Žा⤞ ā¤ā¤°ें।
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⤍ि⤎्ā¤ā¤°्⤎
ā¤Ŧ्⤰े⤍-ā¤ā¤िं⤠ā¤
ā¤Žीā¤Ŧा ā¤Ąā¤°ाā¤ĩ⤍ा ā¤šै, ⤞ेā¤ि⤍ ā¤Ŧेā¤šā¤Ļ ā¤Ļु⤰्⤞ā¤। ā¤Ĩोā¤Ą़ी ⤏ी ⤏ाā¤ĩ⤧ा⤍ी ā¤ā¤° ā¤ाā¤ā¤°ूā¤ā¤¤ा ⤏े ā¤ā¤Ē ā¤Ēू⤰ी ā¤¤ā¤°ā¤š ⤏ु⤰ā¤्⤎ि⤤ ā¤°ā¤š ⤏ā¤ā¤¤े ā¤šैं। ā¤Ąā¤°ā¤¨े ā¤ी ā¤¨ā¤šीं, ā¤ा⤍⤍े ā¤ā¤° ā¤¸ā¤Žā¤ā¤¨े ā¤ी ā¤़⤰ू⤰⤤ ā¤šै।
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